opposition

A situation in which a figure of one color takes positions opposite the figure of the other color.

Dedrle, František
Časopis československých šachistů, 1921

win

domination theme

An idea in a study. White pieces control the squares that black pieces could go to, and as a result they are captured.

Rinck, Henri
La Stratégie, 1920

win

echo

Repetition in different variations of an identical mate (or stalemate) pattern, but shifted, reflected or rotated on a chessboard. The term may have a broader meaning including an identical maneuver, idea, combination, etc.

Chameleon echo – an echo in which a mated king stands on the square of the opposite color.

Tura, Waldemar
E. Iwanow-75
Rozmaitosci Szachowe 2008
1st-2nd Prize

helpmate in 3 moves
b) Nf8->g5

underpromotion

Promotion to Knight, Bishop or Rook.

Caillaud, Michel
Probleemblad 1984-85
2nd Prize
FIDE Album 1983-85

mate in 2 moves

organ pipes theme

There are two rooks between two bishops in the diagram. The play allows all four possible Grimshaw interference pairs.

Van Dijk, Nils
Schakend Nederland 1963
4th Prize

mate in 2 moves

Babson task

Black promotion defences to all possible pieces are answered by the same white promotions.

Kramer, Wilhelm
Babson Task Tourney 1929
1st Prize

selfmate in 3 moves

anti-critical move

A move of a piece passing the critical square to prevent it from being interfered in that square.

Thoren, Karl
Schackvärlden, 1929
Prize

mate in 3 moves

critical move

A move of a long distance figure across a critical square, after which it can be interfered by another piece.

Breuer, Josef
Die Schwalbe 1948
FIDE Album 1945-55

mate in 4 moves

Holzhausen interference

An interference of a line-piece by a like-motion piece of the same color. The complete form assumes
interference after a critical move of the interfered piece.

Langstaff, William
The Good Companion Chess Problem Club 1924
2nd Prize

mate in 2 moves

Wurzburg-Plachutta interference

Mutual (reciprocal) interference between pieces of like motion standing on different lines. Note that the Queen and Bishop can be considered like-moving pieces when the Queen has only a diagonal thematic purpose.

Wurzburg, Otto
The Gazette Times 1916

mate in 3 moves